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Table 2 Summary table of Wilcoxon-signed ranked test results on the effects of LULC change on surface runoff

From: Groundwater recharge rates and surface runoff response to land use and land cover changes in semi-arid environments

Surface runoff (% of precipitation)

Pre-LULC

Post LULC

Pre-LULC

Post LULC

p

n

Bare land

Cropland

7.3 ± 7.3

14.9 ± 5.2

0.068

4

Bare land

Bare land + soil and water conservation

11.7 ± 6.3

6.4 ± 4

0.001

15

Grass land

Forest

2.5 ± 2.9

1.1 ± 1.4

<0.001

18

Cropland

Cropland + soil and water conservation

5.2 ± 6.8

3.3 ± 3.8

0.109

4

Forest

Cropland/rangeland

10.7 ± 7.6

14.1 ± 7.5

0.68

4

Cropland

10.7 ± 9.3

14.1 ± 8.5

Rangeland

10.7 ± 9.3

14.1 ± 10.3

Forest

Bare land

1.0 ± 0.17

4.2 ± 2.2

0.001

13

  1. Italicized entries are significant at P <0.1, and bolded text indicates significance at P <0.05