Table 4 Variables included in the optimum ordinal regression model for Afar, Ittu, and Kereyu ethnic groups around Awash National Park (ANP), Ethiopia (n = 180)
Independent variables | Coef. (Std. Err.) | Negative attitude dy/dx (Std. Err.) | Positive attitude dy/dx (Std. Err.) |
|---|---|---|---|
Distance (3 = reference) | |||
 1 | 0.4731(0.51) | −0.0830(0.09) | 0.0786(0.08) |
 2 | −0.0204(0.50) | 0.0036(0.09) | −0.0033(0.08) |
Ethnic group (3 = reference) | |||
 1 | 1.3182(0.51)** | −0.2074(0.07)*** | 0.2413(0.10)** |
 2 | −0.4974(0.54) | 0.0923(0.10) | −0.0774(0.08) |
Education (4 = reference) | |||
 1 | −0.6310(0.68) | 0.1252(0.15) | −0.0898(0.08) |
 2 | 1.7568(0.97)* | −0.1952(0.06)*** | 0.3864(0.23)* |
 3 | −0.0852(0.57) | 0.0150(0.10) | −0.0140(0.10) |
Primary income source | 0.3395(0.42) | −0.0604(0.07) | 0.0556(0.06) |
 TLU/household | 0.0090(0.00) | −0.0016(0.00) | 0.0015(0.00) |
 Private grazing (y) | −0.5272(0.39) | 0.0936(0.07) | −0.0864(0.06) |
 Communal grazing (y) | −1.0321 (0.55)* | 0.1478(0.06)** | −0.2033(0.12)* |
 Grazing in ANP (y) | 0.4334(0.39) | −0.0814(0.08) | 0.0667(0.06) |
 Any benefit from ANP (y) | 0.7961(0.37)** | −0.1536(0.08)** | 0.1178(0.05)** |
 Livestock cause problem to park (y) | 0.6266(0.52) | −0.1241(0.11) | 0.0894(0.06) |
 Experience on park management (y) | 0.6388(0.49) | −0.0990(0.07) | 0.1189(0.10) |
 Conflict with the park (y) | −1.0278(0.50)** | 0.1500(0.05)** | −0.1999 (0.11)* |