Table 2 Multiple linear regression model to predict the views of local people towards the community forest governance, and the state forest governance in Tehulederi District

Intercept

− 2.54

− 3.85

–

1.93

3.04

–

Sex (female = 1; male = 2)

0.24

1.37

0.273

− 0.72

− 1.92

0.639

Age

0.83

1.93

0.324

− 0.64

− 1.72

0.381

Levels of education

0.27

3.38**

0.001

0.63

3.45**

0.001

Family size per household

0.32

3.34**

0.001

− 0.35

− 2.97**

0.002

Annual income (ETB)

− 0.43

− 4.46**

0.001

− 0.38

− 3.32**

0.001

Livestock ownership (no = 1; yes = 3)

0.36

2.86**

0.002

− 0.26

− 3.32**

0.001

Enough grazing land (no = 1; yes = 3)

− 0.72

− 1.32

0.263

− 0.43

− 0.72

0.424

Want to keep more livestock than have at present (no = 1; yes = 3)

− 0.23

− 2.94**

0.002

− 0.39

− 2.89**

0.002

Shortage of fodder for livestock (no = 1; yes = 3)

0.67

3.15**

0.001

− 0.43

− 2.94**

0.002

Length of local residence in the area (years)

0.34

0.67

0.543

− 0.25

− 1.32

0.253

History of settlement in the area

0.52

0.56

0.589

0.32

0.76

0.458

Plan to stay in the area in the future (no = 1; unsure = 2; yes = 3)

0.65

3.12**

0.001

− 0.45

− 2.97**

0.002

Private land ownership (no = 1; yes = 3)

0.43

1.35

0.363

0.45

0.65

0.451

Land size (ha)

0.11

0.44

0.671

0.42

0.44

0.635

Tree planting and growing tradition (no = 1; yes = 3)

0.42

0.89

0.432

0.18

0.83

0.631

Shortage of fuelwood (no = 1; yes = 3)

0.45

3.19**

0.001

− 0.53

− 2.89**

0.002

Accessibility to forest resources (no = 1; yes = 3)

0.63

3.18**

0.001

0.83

3.29**

0.001

Distance between the edge of the forests and the residential area of the respondents (km)

0.14

1.34

0.236

− 0.38

− 0.82

0.527

Incentives (e.g. seeds, tree seedlings, technical supports, and credits) to plant and grow trees (no = 1; yes = 3)

0.62

3.15**

0.001

0.78

2.96**

0.002

Sufficient market to sell their forest products (no = 1; yes = 3)

0.65

2.95**

0.002

− 0.62

− 1.63

0.113

Enough labour to manage trees/seedlings planted and grown by themselves (no = 1; yes = 3)

0.18

2.94**

0.002

− 0.36

− 0.89

0.351

Knowledge on the presence of traditional bylaws that restrict people and/or livestock from illegally destroying the tree seedlings planted and grown in the study site (no = 1; yes = 3)

0.84

3.17**

0.001

− 0.64

− 2.96**

0.002