Effects of changes in precipitation on energy and water balance in a Eurasian meadow steppe

Chen, Jingyan; Shao, Changliang; Jiang, Shicheng; Qu, Luping; Zhao, Fangyuan; Dong, Gang

doi:10.1186/s13717-019-0170-z

Ecological Processes

Table 1 Daily means of microclimatic variables and energy balance components during the growing season and non-growing season of 2007–2010 in Songnen meadow steppe

From: Effects of changes in precipitation on energy and water balance in a Eurasian meadow steppe

	Growing season				Non-growing season				Whole year
	(May–September)				(October–April)
	2007	2008	2009	2010	2007	2008	2009	2010*	2007	2008	2009	2010
T_a (°C)	21.26	19.76	19.88	20.67	−2.82	− 3.38	−6.69	− 5.62	8.23	6.83	5.64	7.91
T_s (°C)	21.15	17.78	16.53	16.92	−0.87	−1.02	−2.91	0.40	–	7.14	5.91	7.31
SWC (m³ m⁻³)	0.44	0.52	0.52	0.40	0.22	0.23	0.19	0.24	0.28	0.35	0.33	0.29
VPD (kPa)	1.23	0.92	1.10	1.16	0.37	0.34	0.25	0.28	0.77	0.60	0.65	0.72
SWP (bar)	−0.91	−0.30	−0.25	−0.30	−2.07	− 0.68	−1.15	−0.40	− 2.44	−1.08	− 0.52	− 0.55
Precipitation (mm)	198.7	340.7	213.3	199.7	42.5	69.4	33.7	60.8	207.9	384.2	281.5	265.6
ET (mm)	287.3	326.1	317.8	339.7	71.7	90.7	104.9	100.7	334.5	403.9	401.5	453.7
ET/P	1.45	0.96	1.52	1.70	1.69	1.31	3.11	1.66	1.61	1.05	1.43	1.71
R_n (MJ m⁻² d⁻¹)	10.04	9.90	10.69	9.54	1.83	2.16	2.44	1.69	6.54	5.16	6.30	7.42
LE (MJ m⁻² d⁻¹)	4.58	5.19	5.09	5.43	0.87	0.97	1.18		3.18	2.71	2.82	3.84
H (MJ m⁻² d⁻¹)	3.56	2.48	3.23	2.78	2.15	1.99	1.67		2.83	2.23	2.66	2.47
G (MJ m⁻² d⁻¹)	1.217	0.690	1.220	0.730	−0.494	−0.549	−0.640		0.356	0.041	−0.034	0.240
S (MJ m⁻² d⁻¹)	0.007	0.002	0.003	0.008	−0.011	−0.006	− 0.007		− 0.006	− 0.006	− 0.002	0.011
LE/R_n	0.46	0.53	0.46	0.51	0.12	0.18	0.19		0.34	0.28	0.33	0.38
H/R_n	0.37	0.27	0.32	0.29	0.55	0.57	0.56		0.39	0.40	0.48	0.46
G/R_n	0.115	0.067	0.068	0.078	0.033	0.051	0.023		0.171	0.048	0.055	0.045
S/R_n	−0.003	−0.005	−0.007	− 0.002	− 0.022	− 0.015	− 0.017		− 0.021	−0.013	− 0.017	−0.012
EBR	0.94	0.83	0.85	0.92	1.31	1.17	0.96		1.00	0.97	0.91	0.93
β	1.39	0.95	1.29	1.04	5.75	4.82	3.49		2.83	3.47	3.05	1.97
LE/LE_eq	0.57	0.59	0.54	0.59	0.45	0.43	0.6		0.53	0.51	0.5	0.61
g_c (mm s⁻¹)	4.06	6.21	4.90	5.38	2.71	2.78	5.64		3.45	4.34	4.22	5.92
Ω	0.24	0.33	0.26	0.34	0.22	0.20	0.39		0.23	0.26	0.25	0.26

^*The data from January–April in 2011 were not available

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