Environmental stress and eutrophication in freshwater wetlands: evidence from carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in cattail (Typha domingensis Pers.)

Ecological Processes

Table 2 Mean biomass, height and photosynthesis rate of cattail and surface water and soil nutrients in reference, transition, and impacted zone of the Florida Everglades (Water Conservation Area 2A). Except data for cattail photosynthesis (Wang et al. 2015), all data are taken from Miao and Sklar (1997)

Variable	Reference	Transition	Impacted
Plant height (cm)	220	230	260
Photosynthesis rate (μmol CO₂ m⁻² s⁻¹)	10.4 ± 0.5	14.3 ± 0.6	23.5 ± 1.6
Surface water TP (mg L⁻¹)	0.061 ± 0.007	0.011 ± 0.001	0.005 ± 0.001
Surface water TN (mg L⁻¹)	2.4 ± 0.1	2.2 ± 0.0	2.1 ± 0.1
Soil TP (mg kg⁻¹)	441 ± 78	720 ± 89	1305 ± 105
Soil TN (mg kg⁻¹)	27.2 ± 2.8	28.2 ± 1.2	31.1 ± 0.7