Experimental evidence on biodiversity impacts of variable retention forestry, prescribed burning, and deadwood manipulation in Fennoscandia

Koivula, Matti; Vanha-Majamaa, Ilkka

doi:10.1186/s13717-019-0209-1

Ecological Processes

Table 1 Replicated retention and restoration experiments in Fennoscandia. Note that abbreviations or names may not be official. Numbers after each abbreviation indicate source for information (see footnote). Establ = year of establishing the experiment; Durat = realized or planned duration (Long-term = more than 10 years); Type = dominant tree species (Mixed = deciduous and coniferous); the subsequent six columns explain applied treatments as follows: Rete = retention trees in clear felled sites; Gap = gap felling (diameter up to about 50 m); Select = selection felling; CWD = coarse dead wood manipulation (usually high stumps); Fire = prescribed burning applied; Other = possible other variables included in the experimental design. The bottom-part columns show studied taxa or other assessed aspects: Veget = understory vegetation (vascular plants, forest floor mosses and lichens); Epiph = epiphytic and epixylic lichens and bryophytes (epix = epixylic species distinguished); Polyp = polypore fungi; Ground = ground-dwelling beetles and spiders; Saprox = saproxylic and other actively-flying beetles; Other = other taxa; CWD = coarse woody debris inventoried; Timber = timber production assessed; Social = aesthetic or recreational values assessed; and Econ. = economic viability of the applied operations assessed. * = to our knowledge, results not yet published in peer-reviewed English-language journals

From: Experimental evidence on biodiversity impacts of variable retention forestry, prescribed burning, and deadwood manipulation in Fennoscandia

General information about experiments
Abbreviation	Experiment name	Country	Establ	Durat	Type	Rete	Gap	Select	CWD	Fire	Other
NaturKultur 1	NaturKultur (2050–2061)	Sweden	1989	Long-term	Mixed			X			Planting
Härjedalen 2	Conventional clear-cutting and variable thinning	Sweden	1989	Long-term	Pine, Spruce			X
Fagerön 3	High-stump experiment	Sweden	1994	5 years	Mixed			X	X
MONTA 4	Biodiversity in the regeneration of managed forests	Finland	1995	Long-term	Spruce	X	X	X	X
Snöberget 5	Selection cutting experiment	Sweden	1997	5 years	Spruce			X
RETREE 6	Effect of the size of retention tree groups on biodiversity in forest regeneration	Finland	1998	Long-term	Spruce	X					Moisture
FIRE 7	Boreal forest fire experiment	Finland	2000	Long-term	Pine	X				X
Medelpad-Ångermanland 8	Retention tree group size and biodiversity	Sweden	2000	Unknown	Mixed	X
EVO 9	Rehabilitating boreal forest structure and species composition	Finland	2001	Long-term	Spruce	X			X	X	Moisture
Oak forest 10	Partial cutting in mixed oak forests	Sweden	2001	Long-term	Oak, mixed			X
Deadwood 11	Deadwood addition follow-up	Finland	2002	Long-term	Pine, spruce				X		Felling, girdling
Hedmark 12	High-stump experiment	Norway	2004	2 years	Mixed						Edge distance
PuroMONTA 13	Importance of valuable boreal brook habitats in conserving species richness	Finland	2004	Long-term	Spruce			X	X		Brook sides
UPM experiment 14	Effects of logging, mounding, and removal of logging residues and stumps	Finland	2005	3 years	Spruce	X			X
DISTDYN 15	Forest management inspired by natural disturbance dynamics	Finland	2009	Long-term	Pine, spruce	X	X	X	X
Abbreviation	Experiment name	Country	Establ	Durat	Type	Rete	Gap	Select	CWD	Fire	Other
Eriksköp 16	Target diameter cutting	Sweden	2009	Long-term	Pine, spruce			X
Future Forest 17	Restoration strategies for the future	Sweden	2010	Long-term	Pine, spruce		X			X
Spruce CWD 18	Addition of spruce CWD	Sweden	2011	Unknown	Spruce				X
Rogberga 19	Target diameter cutting	Sweden	2012	Long-term	Mixed		X	X
Shelterwood 20	Shelterwood cutting experiment	Estonia	2012	Long-term	Pine			X			Shelterwood
Effaråsen 21	Economic and ecological impact of partial cutting, CWD creation and prescribed burning in boreal pine forest	Sweden	2012	Long-term	Pine	X			X	X
UNEVEN 22	The efficiency of uneven-aged forestry as a conservation tool	Sweden	2013	Long-term	Spruce			X
Sampled species groups and other aspects
Abbreviation	Veget	Epiph	Polyp	Ground	Saprox	Other	CWD	Timber	Social	Econ.
NaturKultur	X*							X	X*	X*
Härjedalen	X
Fagerön					X
MONTA	X	Xepix	X*	X	X	Ants, snails, soil fauna, decomposers, small mammals*	X	X		X
Snöberget		X
RETREE	X	Xepix		X		Snails*	X	X*
FIRE	X	X	X	X	X	Flat bugs, flies, pollinators, bats, mycorrhiza	X
Medelpad-Ångermanland		Xepix
EVO	X	Xepix	X	X	X	Ants	X	X
Oak forest	X	X	X		X	Fungus gnats	X
Deadwood			X
Hedmark					X
Abbreviation	Veget	Epiph	Polyp	Ground	Saprox	Other	CWD	Timber	Social	Econ.
PuroMONTA	X	X	X		X		X
UPM experiment	X	Xepix					X
DISTDYN	X		X		X	Ants, birds	X	X*	X	X*
Eriksköp	X*							X
Future Forest	X	X	X		X	Flat bugs	X
Spruce CWD			X
Rogberga	X*							X*
Shelterwood	X	X
Effaråsen	X	X	X		X	Mycorrhiza*	X	X		X
UNEVEN	X				X		X

1 Djupström and Weslien 2019; 2 Hagner 1992; 3 Lindhe and Lindelöw 2004; 4 Kaila 1998; 5 Hedenås and Ericson 2003; 6 Matveinen-Huju et al. 2006, Vanha-Majamaa and Hautala. 2010; 7 Hyvärinen et al. 2005; Kouki 2019; 8 Perhans et al. 2009; 9 Toivanen et al. 2004, Lilja et al. 2005, Vanha-Majamaa et al. 2007; 10 Götmark 2007; 11 Pasanen 2017; 12 Fossestol and Sverdrup-Thygeson 2009; 13 Toivanen et al. 2004, Selonen and Kotiaho 2013; 14 Rabinowitsch-Jokinen and Vanha-Majamaa 2010; 15 Koivula et al. 2014; 16 Drössler 2016; 17 Hägglund et al. 2015; 18 Olsson et al. 2011; 19 Drössler 2016; 20 Tullus et al. 2019; 21 Djupström and Weslien 2019; 22 Joelsson et al. 2017

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