Fig. 3

Principal component analysis (PCA) of soil physical, chemical, and microbial properties in three forest types. PCA axis 1 expressed 52.57% and axis 2 represented 28.31% for first and second coordinates of sites, respectively. bD, bulk density; WHC, water holding capacity; e, void ratio; C, carbon; N, nitrogen; P, phosphorus; SMBN, soil microbial biomass nitrogen; SMBP, soil microbial biomass phosphorus; BHB, Banj oak hill base; BHS, Banj oak hill slope; BHT, Banj oak hill top; CHB, Chir pine hill base; CHS, Chir pine hill slope; CHT, Chir-pine hill top; MHB, mixed oak-pine hill base; MHS, mixed oak-pine hill slope; MHT, mixed oak-pine hill top