Skip to main content

Table 1 Chronological events in reproductive stages of M. grandiflora

From: Pollinator-mediated self-pollination and reproductive assurance in an isolated tree of Magnolia grandiflora L.

Stages

Average duration from bud initiation in days (June–October)

Characteristics

1st flower bud initiation

0 days

Flower bud is enclosed by fused hairy three tepals, brownish in colour

Tepal removal

17.5 ± 1.5 days

Tepals were shed naturally; candle-shaped crimson white flower bud left

First flower opening

22 ± 1 days

Petals become enlarged; cup-shape corolla, candle-shaped stigma is visible

Stigma receptivity

22 ± 1 days

Stigma is whitish in colour; curved shape, high starch content

Flower closing

22 ± 1 days

Flower completely closed

Floral visitors availability

22 ± 1 days

Bees, beetles and thrips are dominant

Second flower opening

23 ± 1 days

Stigma contains ample amount of secretory substance, yellowish in colour

Anther dehiscence

23 ± 1 days

Anthers start to dehisce from periphery

Petals begin to drop

27 ± 1 days

Petals start to decay and turn darkish yellowish in colour; stigma turned darkish; retained the remnants of stamen attachment below the candle-shaped stigma

Fruit formation

41 ± 1 days

Swelling of the candle-shaped stalk of stigma

Fruits start to dehisce

75 ± 1 days

Dehiscence start from the tip of the fruit; fruit is green to reddish in colour