Current and near-term advances in Earth observation for ecological applications

Ustin, Susan L.; Middleton, Elizabeth M.

doi:10.1186/s13717-020-00255-4

Ecological Processes

Table 6 Satellites organized by period of expected flight, and by orbit, sun-synchronous LEO, or GEO, or low-inclination angle. Older instruments are higher in the order and newer instruments lower on the list

From: Current and near-term advances in Earth observation for ecological applications

	Sun-Synchronous	Sun-Synchronous	Low Inclination	Sun-Synchronous	Low Inclination	Sun-Synchronous	Low Inclination	Sun-Synchronous	Low Inclination	Sun-Synchronous	Low Inclination
	Orbit	Orbit	Orbit	Orbit	Orbit	Orbit	Orbit	Orbit	Orbit	Orbit	Orbit
*Study Site Size*	*Plot,* ≤ *500 m*²	*Local, 1 km*²		*Landscape, 10 km*²		*Regional, 100 km*²		*National, 1000 km*²		*Continental-Global,* ≥ *0.25 deg*
*Target*	*Land & Inland Water*	*Land & Inland Water*		*Land & Inland Water*		*Land & Inland Water*		*Large Features/Areas*		*Area Averages*
Examples	Urban/Transects	Agriculture/Forests/ Deserts		Agriculture/Forests/ Deserts		Watersheds/Islands		Ecosystems/Biomes/		Terrestrial Tiles
Examples	Flux Towers	Lakes/Wetlands/Coasts		Lakes/Wetlands/Coasts		Ecosystems/Bays/Lakes/Oceans		Coastlines/Plumes/Oceans		Ocean Patterns
Archive	EO-1/Hyperion^$	EO-1/Hyperion^$	DESIS^$	EO-1/Hyperion^$	DESIS^$	MODIS
	EO-1/ALI^$	EO-1/ALI^$	ECOSTRESS^$	EO-1/ALI^$	ECOSTRESS^$	VIIRS
	CHRIS-PROBA^$	CHRIS-PROBA^$	GEDI^$		ISS/GEDI^$	MERIS	ISS/GEDI^$
	Landsats 1-5^$	Landsats 1-5^$	OCO-3^$	Landsats 1-5^$	OCO-3^$	Landsats 1-5^$	ISS/OCO-3^$
	Landsats 7-8	Landsats 7-8	HISUI^$	Landsats-7-8	HISUI^$	Landsats-7-8		Landsats 7-8
	ASTER^#$	ASTER^#$					Himawari-8		Himawari-8		Himawari-8
	Sentinel-1	Sentinel-1A, 1B		Sentinel-1 A, B		Sentinel-1 A, B	GOES-16,-17	Sentinel-1 A, B	GOES-16,17	Sentinel-1 A, B	GOES-16,17
	Sentinel-2A,B	Sentinel-2A,B		Sentinel-2A,B		Sentinel-2A,B		Sentinel-2A,B		Sentinel-2 A. B
				Sentinel-3A,B		Sentinel-3A,B		Sentinel-3A,B		Sentinel-3A,B
	VENμS^$	VENμS^$		VENμS^$
		PRISMA^$		PRISMA^$		PRISMA^$
						S-5P TROPOMI		S-5P TROPOMI		S-5P TROPOMI
				Terra, Aqua		Terra, Aqua		Terra, Aqua		Terra, Aqua
				Suomi NPP VIIRS		Suomi NPP VIIRS		Suomi NPP		Suomi NPP
				MERIS (EnviSat)		MERIS (EnviSat)		MERIS (EnviSat)		MERIS (EnviSat)
								NOAA 20		NOAA 20
2021-2025	Landsats 8^#-9	Landsats 8^#-9		Landsats 8^#-9	Sentinel-4	Landsats 8^#-9	Sentinel-4	Landsats 8^#-9	Sentinel-4	Landsats 8^#-9	Sentinel-4
	ASTER^#$	ASTER^#$
	Sentinel 1A, 1B	Sentinel 1A, 1B		Sentinel 1A, 1B		Sentinel 1A, 1B		Sentinel 1A, 1B		Sentinel 1A, 1B
	Sentinel-2A,2B	Sentinel-2A,2B		Sentinel-2A,2B	Sentinel-6	Sentinel-2A,2B	Sentinel-6	Sentinel-2A,2B	Sentinel-6	Sentinel-2A,2B	Sentinel-6
				Sentinel-3A,B,C		Sentinel-3A,B,C		Sentinel-3A,B,C		Sentinel-3A,B,C
			DESIS^$		DESIS$	S-5P TROPOMI		S-5P TROPOMI		S-5P TROPOMI
			ECOSTRESS^$	Sentinel-5	ECOSTRESS^$	Sentinel-5		Sentinel-5		Sentinel-5
	PRISMA^$#	PRISMA^$#	GEDI^$	PRISMA^$#	ISS/GEDI^$
	EnMAP^$#	EnMAP^$#	OCO-3^$	EnMAP^$#	OCO-3^$
	EE-7,BIOMASS^$	EE-7, BIOMASS^$	HISUI^$	EE-7, BIOMASS^$	HISUI^$	EE-7, BIOMASS^$		EE-7, Biomass$		EE-7, Biomass$
	EE-8, FLEX	EE-8, FLEX	EMIT^$	EE-8, FLEX	EMIT^$	EE-8, FLEX		EE-8, FLEX		EE-8, FLEX
									Himawari-8, -9		Himawari-8, -9
						WildFireSatS	GOES-16, 17	WildFireSatS	GOES-16, 17		GOES-16, 17
				NISAR		NISAR	MTG-I A,B^&	NISAR	MTG-I A,B^&	NISAR	MTG-I A,B^&
				PACE		PACE		PACE		PACE
				Terra^#, Aqua^#		Terra^#, Aqua^#		Terra^#, Aqua^#		Terra^#, Aqua^#
				Suomi NPP^#		Suomi NPP^#		Suomi NPP^#		Suomi NPP^#
				NOAA 20, 21		NOAA 20, 21		NOAA 20, 21		NOAA 20, 21
				METOP-SG A1		METOP-SG A1		METOP-SG A1		METOP-SG A1
2025-2030	Landsat 9, 10	Landsat 9, 10		Landsat 9, 10		Landsat 9, 10	Sentinel-4-series^#	Landsat 9, 10	Sentinel-4-series^#	Landsat 9, 10	Sentinel-4-series^#
	Sentinel-1 series^#	Sentinel-1 series^#		Sentinel-1 series^#		Sentinel-1 series^#		Sentinel-1 series^#		Sentinel-1 series^#
	Sentinel-2 series^#	Sentinel-2 series^#		Sentinel-2 series^#	Sentinel-6	Sentinel-2 series^#	Sentinel-6-series	Sentinel-2 series^#	Sentinel-6-series	Sentinel-2 series^#	Sentinel-6-series
				Sentinel-3 series*		Sentinel-3 series*	Sentinel-7, CO₂M	Sentinel-3 series*	Sentinel-7, CO₂M	Sentinel-3 series*	Sentinel-7, CO₂M
						Sentinel-5-series		Sentinel-5-series		Sentinel-5-series
	Sentinel-8, LSTM**	Sentinel-8, LSTM**		Sentinel-8, LSTM**		Sentinel-8, LSTM**		Sentinel-8, LSTM**		Sentinel-8, LSTM**
	PRISMA^$#	PRISMA^$#		PRISMA^$#
	EnMAP^$#	EnMAP^$#
				EE-7, BIOMASS$		EE-7, BIOMASS$		EE-7, Biomass$
				EE-8, FLEX^#		EE-8, FLEX^#		EE-8, FLEX^#
			ISS/EMIT^$	S-5P TROPOMI#	ISS/EMIT^$	S-5P TROPOMI		S-5P TROPOMI		S-5P TROPOMI
	SBG**	SBG**		SBG**		SBG**	GeoCARB	SBG**	GeoCARB	SBG**	GeoCARB
	Sentinel-10, CHIME**	Sentinel-10, CHIME**		Sentinel-10, CHIME**		Sentinel-10, CHIME**	Himawari 8, -9	Sentinel-10, CHIME**	Himawari 8, -9	Sentinel-10, CHIME**	Himawari 8, -9
		NISAR		NISAR		NISAR	GOES-18, 19	NISAR	GOES-18, 19	NISAR	GOES-18, 19
				PACE		PACE	MTG-I A,B^&	PACE	MTG-I A,B^&	PACE	MTG-I A,B^&
				NOAA-20 series		NOAA-20 series		NOAA-20 series		NOAA-20 series
				METOP-SG-I A,B		METOP-SG-I A,B		METOP-SG-I A,B		METOP-SG-I A,B
Beyond 2030	Landsat tbd**	Landsat tbd**		Landsat tbd**		Landsat tbd**		Landsat tbd**		Landsat tbd**
	Sentinel-1 series^#	Sentinel-1 series^#		Sentinel-1 series^#		Sentinel-1 series^#	Sentinel-4-series*	Sentinel-1 series^#	Sentinel-4-series*	Sentinel-1 series^#	Sentinel-4-series*
	Sentinel-2 series^#	Sentinel-2 series^#		Sentinel-2 series^#		Sentinel-2 series^#		Sentinel-2 series^#		Sentinel-2 series^#
				Sentinel-3 series*	Sentinel-6-series*	Sentinel-3 series*	Sentinel-6-series*	Sentinel-3 series*	Sentinel-6-series*	Sentinel-3 series*	Sentinel-6-series*
				Sentinel-5-series*		Sentinel-5-series*		Sentinel-5-series*		Sentinel-5-series*
	Sentinel-8, LSTM**	Sentinel-8, LSTM**		Sentinel-8, LSTM**		Sentinel-8, LSTM**	Sentinel-7, CO₂M*	Sentinel-8, LSTM**	Sentinel-7, CO2M*	Sentinel-8, LSTM**	Sentinel-7, CO2M*
					GeoCARB*^#		GeoCARB*^#	EE-7, BIOMASS$	GeoCARB*^#		GeoCARB*^#
							Himawari-series	EE-8, FLEX#	Himawari-series		Himawari-series
				Sentinel-5P TROPOMI^#		Sentinel-5P TROPOMI^#	GOES-19-series	Sentinel-5P TROPOMI^#	GOES-19-series	Sentinel-5P TROPOMI^#	GOES-19-series
				NISAR^#		NISAR^#	MTG-series	NISAR^#	MTG-series	NISAR^#	MTG-series
				PACE*		PACE*		PACE*		PACE*
	SBG**	SBG**		SBG**		SBG**		SBG**		SBG**
	Sentinel-10, CHIME**	Sentinel-10, CHIME**		Sentinel-10, CHIME**		Sentinel-10, CHIME**		Sentinel-10, CHIME**		Sentinel-10, CHIME**
								NOAA-20 series*		NOAA-20 series*
								METOP-SG series*		METOP-SG series*

$ Sampling Mission: Limited Collections in space or time
# Continuation Uncertain
* Expected to be Available
** Anticipated Mission
blank entries are left in table to allow following an instrument across spatial scales

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