Fig. 8

Vertical structure of surface fuels ≥ 10 cm diameter in the Utah Forest Dynamics Plot. Deadwood was locally variable in terms of simple biomass (Fig. 2) but also in terms of vertical structure (a). Colors indicate number of pieces of wood “stacked” on each other. The degree of vertical agglomeration was transformed into an intensity diagram (b), with white areas showing no overlap between pieces of deadwood and warmer colors indicating more stacking