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Table 5 Interaction effects of sub-watersheds with landscape positions, land uses, and soil depths on selected soil chemical properties

From: Effects of sustainable land management interventions on selected soil properties in Geda watershed, central highlands of Ethiopia

 

EC

pH

TN

Av.P

Ex.K

OC

Ex.Na

Sub-watershed (SW) × landscape position (LP)

 Untreated upper

0.049ab

6.40a

0.059b

6.06b

0.36c

0.442c

0.468a

 Untreated lower

0.043b

6.20a

0.068b

6.40b

0.52b

0.400c

0.502a

 Treated upper

0.063a

5.94b

0.098a

11.53a

0.46b

0.919b

0.367c

 Treated lower

0.063a

6.28a

0.117a

10.71a

0.63a

1.047a

0.415b

Sub-watershed (SW) × land use (LU)

 Untreated crop

0.041b

6.36

0.064b

6.69c

0.416b

0.470b

0.506a

 Untreated grazing

0.050ab

6.24

0.062b

5.77c

0.466ab

0.372b

0.464ab

 Treated crop

0.067a

6.10

0.118a

12.98a

0.549a

1.042a

0.374c

 Treated grazing

0.059a

6.12

0.096a

9.26b

0.532a

0.924a

0.407bc

Sub-watershed (SW) × soil depth (SD)

 Untreated 0–15 cm

0.036b

6.44a

0.082b

6.99c

0.53ab

0.514c

0.522a

 Untreated 15–30 cm

0.056a

6.16bc

0.045c

5.47c

0.36c

0.323d

0.448b

 Treated 0–15 cm

0.058a

6.23b

0.122a

13.31a

0.59a

1.181a

0.394c

 Treated 15–30 cm

0.068a

5.99c

0.092b

8.93b

0.49b

0.785b

0.388bc

P–SW × LP

*

**

**

**

***

***

***

P–SW × LU

*

ns

**

***

*

***

***

P–SW × SD

**

**

**

***

**

***

***

  1. Interaction means under each heading within columns followed by different letters are significantly different from each other at P ≤ 0.05; *significant at P ≤ 0.05; **significant at P ≤ 0.01; ***significant at P ≤ 0.001; ns non-significant; EC electrical conductivity (dS m−1); pH soil reaction (pH meter); Ex.K exchangeable potassium; Av.P available phosphorus; TN total nitrogen; OC organic carbon; Ex.Na exchangeable sodium