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Table 1 The list of seven Earth system models used in this study from CMIP6

From: A traceability analysis system for model evaluation on land carbon dynamics: design and applications

Institute

Earth system model

Land model

Beijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, China

BCC-ESM1

BCC-AVIM2

Canadian Centre for Climate Modeling and Analysis, Victoria BC, Canada

CanESM5

CLASS-CTEM

National Center for Atmospheric Research, USA

CESM2

CLM5.0

IPSL Climate Modeling Centre, France

IPSL-CM6A-LR

ORCHIDEE

Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, Japan

MIROC-ES2L

VISIT-e

National Center for Meteorological Research, Météo-France and CNRS laboratory, Toulouse, France

CNRM-ESM2-1

ISBA

EC-Earth Consortium, Europe

EC-Earth3-Veg

LPJ-GUESS