Table 6 Comparative review between biomass and carbon stock estimates in similar forest types reported under previous investigations and the present study

Present study (F1 and F2)

Mixed and pure S. robusta dominant forest

457.1–1001.8

208.5–451.9

566.2–1280.8

258.2–577.8

Nepal¹

No correlation between species richness and biomass carbon

–

–

254 ± 72

120 ± 34

Cambodia²

Biomass carbon of tropical evergreen and semi-evergreen forest

–

–

–

163.8 ± 7.8

Tripura³

No correlation between species diversity and biomass

110.5–179.9

55.3–89.9

139.3–226.6

167.6–219.7

Meghalaya⁴

Tropical semi-evergreen Sal plantation

406.0

203.2

–

–

Meghalaya⁵

Primary tropical old-growth forest

323.7

158.4

374.5

182.3

Uttarakhand⁶

(Dehradun)

Moist deciduous Shiwalik Sal forest

268.6–347.7

–

338.4–438.2

169.2–219.1

Uttarakhand⁷

(Pauri Garhwal)

Negative correlation between species diversity and total carbon density

279.6 ± 37.6

–

346.5 ± 45.5

159.4 ± 20.9

Present study F3

P. roxburghii and A. nepalensis association forest

471.8

215.7

596.2

272.5

Nepal⁸

Sub-tropical pine forest

86.0

38.7

–

–

Nepal⁹

Monospecific forest stands had higher biomass carbon than mixed stands

–

89.6 ± 7.4

–

–

China¹⁰

Six forest types with Pinus elements

–

–

51.8–120.5

–

Korea¹¹

74-year-old P. koraiensis plantation

339.9

–

–

–

USA, Wyoming¹²

Unmanaged P. ponderosa forest

185.4

–

–

–

Meghalaya¹³

Old-growth P. kesiya forest

419.7

205.7

460.5

224.4

Meghalaya¹⁴

Weak positive correlation between tree species diversity and biomass

–

–

–

63–74.7

Uttarakhand ¹⁵ (Pauri Garhwal)

Van Panchayat managed non-degraded pine forest

790.5

–

–

490.3

Uttarakhand ¹⁶ (Garhwal)

Old-growth forest

363.4 ± 9.9

167.2 ± 4.6

447.7 ± 12

205.9 ± 5.5

Uttarakhand ¹⁷ (Kumaon)

Monospecific P. roxburghii forest

–

–

210.8 ± 36.6

–

Present study (F4–F7)

Ban oak forest, temperate deciduous forest, Moist deodar forest and Kharsu Oak forest

499.4–758.8

229.1–350.2

634.2–968.6

290.9–437.5

Belgium ¹⁸

Temperate forest

–

–

–

101.0

USA¹⁹

Mid-Atlantic temperate forests

81–266

–

101–326

–

USA, Kentucky²⁰

90-year-old second growth temperate mixed deciduous forest

108.3–111.0

–

–

–

Jammu and Kashmir ²¹

C. deodara dominant forest

393.7 ± 221.3

–

496.7 ± 278.9

–

Manipur²²

Largest sacred grove in Manipur, India

962.9–1130.8

481.5–565.4

–

–

Uttarakhand ²³ (Kumaon)

Q. oblongata forest

–

–

387.3 ± 43.9

Uttarakhand ²⁴ (Garhwal)

Ridge top Q. oblongata forest

–

–

497.32

228.75

Uttarakhand ²⁵ (Kumaon)

Temperate deciduous A. indica forest

397.2

–

501.8

–

Uttarakhand ¹⁶ (Garhwal)

Old-growth temperate deciduous A. indica forest

429.8 ± 14.6

193.4 ± 6.6

527.6 ± 17.5

237.4 ± 7.8

Uttarakhand ¹⁶ (Garhwal)

Old-growth temperate C. deodara forest

546.7 ± 20.5

251.5 ± 9.4

667.6 ± 24.5

307.1 ± 11.3

Uttarakhand ²⁶ (Garhwal)

Q. semecarpifolia dominant forests

–

136.9–221.4

–

179.6–285.9

Uttarakhand ²⁷ (Garhwal)

Q. semecarpifolia dominant forest with northern slopes having greater biomass

190.5–287.1

–

238.2–355.7

107.2–160.1

Uttarakhand ²⁵ (Kumaon)

Temperate Q. semecarpifolia dominant forest

459.7

–

590.2

–

Uttarakhand ²⁸ (Tehri)

Sem Mukhem sacred forest

1224.9

1549.7

774.8

Present study F8

A. spectabilis dominant forest

485.9

223.8

607.9

279.9

Poland²⁹

A. alba dominant forest

0.3–293.6

–

–

–

USA³⁰

Old-growth A. amabilis forest

464.8

–

–

–

Sikkim³¹

Species diversity and richness have positive relation with biomass carbon

191.3

–

–

134.2

Uttarakhand³² (Garhwal)

Treeline ecotone forest

–

–

32–387

–