The effects of stump size and within-gap position on sprout non-structural carbohydrates concentrations and regeneration in forest gaps vary among species with different shade tolerances

Ecological Processes

Table 3 Relationships between stump diameter and sprout density/growth/survival in both two growing seasons

Tree species	Variables	One-year-old sprouts		Two-year-old sprouts
Tree species	Variables	r	P	r	P
Acer mono	SD	0.49	0.06	0.79	<0.001
	SH	− 0.07	0.82	0.30	0.28
	SBD	− 0.01	0.97	0.12	0.68
	R_e/b	0.54	0.04	− 0.23	0.43
Quercus mongolica	SD	0.54	0.04	0.35	0.28
	SH	0.58	0.03	0.51	0.06
	SBD	0.58	0.03	0.59	0.02
	R_e/b	0.12	0.70	0.15	0.61
Tilia mandshurica	SD	− 0.10	0.73	0.75	0.00
	SH	− 0.16	0.58	0.26	0.40
	SBD	− 0.17	0.54	0.51	0.08
	R_e/b	0.05	0.87	-0.20	0.50

Significant relationships (P < 0.05) are bolded. SD sprout density, SH and SBD sprout height and basal diameter, respectively, R_e/b sprout survival