Rural households’ livelihood vulnerability to climate variability and extremes: a livelihood zone-based approach in the Northeastern Highlands of Ethiopia

Ecological Processes

Table 6 Normalized livelihoods’ adaptive capitals and overall average level of adaptive capacity across the livelihood zones

	Normalized livelihoods’ adaptive capitals															Overall average AC
Livelihood zones	Human capital			Social capital			Physical capital		Financial capital		Natural capital					Overall average AC
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	Level of AC
ABB	0.00	1.00	0.50	0.86	0.71	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.20	0.06	0.00	0.00	0.53	0.68	0.37	0.30	Low
Meher	0.55	0.51	0.88	1.00	1.00	0.53	0.90	0.53	0.80	1.00	0.12	0.31	0.75	0.48	0.67	0.68	High
Belg	0.63	0.23	0.81	0.00	0.48	0.09	0.67	0.14	0.80	0.00	1.00	0.64	1.00	0.44	0.11	0.46	Moderate
Meher-Belg	1.00	0.03	1.00	0.63	0.85	0.39	1.00	0.19	1.00	0.76	0.30	0.11	0.41	0.00	0.00	0.54	Moderate
CHV	0.46	0.00	0.56	0.78	0.16	1.00	0.13	1.00	0.20	0.19	0.60	1.00	0.00	1.00	1.00	0.53	Moderate
SWS	0.59	0.34	0.00	0.48	0.00	0.84	0.47	0.10	0.00	0.36	0.75	0.69	0.05	0.68	0.85	0.39	Low
Variance	0.10	0.14	0.13	0.13	0.15	0.16	0.16	0.14	0.17	0.16	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.11	0.16
Root variance	0.32	0.31	0.36	0.36	0.39	0.40	0.41	0.38	0.42	0.40	0.39	0.38	0.39	0.33	0.41
1/Root variance	3.10	2.70	2.77	2.81	2.54	2.51	2.47	2.66	2.41	2.48	2.59	2.61	2.56	3.00	2.47
Sum	39.68
K	0.025
W	0.08	0.07	0.07	0.07	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.07	0.06	0.06	0.07	0.07	0.07	0.08	0.06

Note: Normalized values of Educational level (1), Dependence ratio (2), Health related problems (3), Iddir (4), Mahiber, Debbo & Wenfel (5), Equib (6), Farm equipment and animals, improved seeds & fertilizers (7), Travel time access (8), Livestock owned in TLU (9), Income source diversity (10), Access to saving & credit services (11), Access to clean water (12), Forest as energy source (13), Farmland size owned (14), Perceived farmland degradation & soil fertility (15), and Overall average adaptive capacity (16).
AC adaptive capacity