Fig. 4From: Groundwater recharge rates and surface runoff response to land use and land cover changes in semi-arid environmentsDifferences in groundwater recharge with change in LULC. Values are mean ± SD. n = number of studies. All values with bare land as initial LULC are coming from modeling studies. *significant difference at p < 0.05 for a given LULC change. Significant differences among LULC groups are given by letters. Different letters mean significant differences at p < 0.05. Capital letters are comparisons from modeling result while small letters are comparisons of field measurementBack to article page