Fig. 4
From: Functional responses to deforestation in fish communities inhabiting neotropical streams and rivers
Functional spaces constructed with the axes significantly impacted by deforestation in streams (N = 35; A, C, E) and rivers (N = 64; B, D, F) (Table 1). A, B Location of the fish communities within the functional space based on functional identity values along PCoA axes; deforestation intensity at each site is indicated by varying shades of blue to brown. C, D Mean average position of each category of qualitative traits, where the mean position represents the average of PCoA scores for all species belonging to a given category. E, F Correlation between morphological continuous traits and PCoA axes; line segments indicate the direction and the strength of the correlation. Only traits that are significantly related to the ordination are shown (Table 2). See Table 2 for the meaning of abbreviations of the functional traits and Additional file 2: Table S2 for the ecological significance of the traits. The triangles correspond to the position of the species within the functional space (streams: 119 species and rivers: 158 species)