Table 1 Germinative, vegetative, eco-physiological, and reproductive life-history traits’ values of Hyptis suaveolens individuals under sun and shade conditions in the common garden experiment

PPFD (µmol m^–2 s⁻¹)

940.00 (40.75)

300.00 (13.00)

298.75; df_1,10

0.000*

Life-history traits

Germinative

 MGP

63.67^† (4.48)

34.00 ^† (2.76)

24.69; df_1,26

0.000*

0.4659^m

 MRP

43.33 ^† (4.64)

11.17 ^† (2.06)

7.05; df_1,26

0.013*

0.7422^h

Vegetative

 Plant height (cm)

50.98 (0.37)

22.21 (0.95)

12.54; df_1,18

0.002*

0.5643^m

 Leaves per plant

83.03 (1.71)

24.43 (0.58)

15.01; df_1,18

0.001*

0.7057^h

 Leaf area (cm²)

6.39 (0.50)

16.06 (0.69)

258.56; df_1,10

0.000*

0.6021^m

 Plant biomass (g m⁻²)

171.10 (3.67)

64.14 (4.74)

11.54; df_1,10

0.002*

0.6251^m

Eco-physiological

 SLA (cm² g⁻¹)

47.42 (6.34)

153.55 (4.97)

173.39; df_1,10

0.000*

0.6611^m

 CCI

7.68 (0.365)

5.27 (0.19)

33.99; df_1,18

0.000*

0.3138^l

 A (µmol CO₂ m^–2 s⁻¹)

5.09 (0.53)

3.62 (0.15)

6.95; df_1,10

0.025*

0.2888^l

 C (mmol H₂O m^–2 s⁻¹)

33.02 (6.86)

11.67 (1.88)

8.99; df_1,10

0.013*

0.6465^m

 E (mmol H₂O m^–2 s⁻¹)

0.50 (0.10)

0.23 (0.04)

6.16; df_1,10

0.032*

0.5400^m

 WUE (µmol CO₂ mmol⁻¹ H₂O)

12.96 (2.94)

19.41 (4.46)

1.45; df_1,10

0.255^NS

0.3363^m

 LCC (g glucose g⁻¹)

1.56 (0.04)

1.59 (0.07)

0.20; df_1,10

0.658^NS

0.0188^l

 RGR_h (cm cm⁻¹ fortnight⁻¹)

16.67 (4.50)

8.92 (3.09)

2.00; df_1,18

0.173^NS

0.4649^m

 RGR_b (g g⁻¹ fortnight⁻¹)

61.20 (12.37)

27.24 (5.72)

6.20; df_1,10

0.032*

0.5549^m

 NAR (g cm⁻³ fortnight⁻¹)

1.43 (0.31)

0.34 (0.07)

11.74; df_1,10

0.006*

0.7622^h

Reproductive

 Number of seeds per plant

193.00 (2.64)

31.67 (1.76)

2574.24; df_1,10

0.000*

0.8359^h

 Seed size (mm)

3.37 (0.13)

3.83 (0.10)

7.15; df_1,10

0.023*

0.1201^l

 Seed mass (mg)

4.41 (0.12)

5.09 (0.07)

22.50; df_1,10

0.001*

0.1335^l