From: Pathways towards the integration of periurban agrarian ecosystems into the spatial planning system
 | SERVICE | INDICATOR | DEFINITION | DATA & METHODOLOGY SOURCE |
---|---|---|---|---|
Regulation | Climate regulation | CO2 storage | Capacity store CO2 (ton/ha) | |
 | Water quality regulation | Groundwater in risk for nitrates | Nitrates' concentration (mg/L) | SIA - MAGRAMA ([2008]) |
Provisioning | Food production | Food production in irrigated land, dry farming land, and olive ecosystems | Production capacity (ton. and inhab. fed) | |
Cultural | Cultural identity | Heritage opportunity spectrum | Heritage density* proximity (gradient) | Protected cultural goods & space inventories (Merlos [2012] and Aranjuez Local Government [2013]). Maes et al. ([2011]) |
 | Recreation | Recreation opportunity spectrum | Recreation density* proximity (gradient) | Recreation info – municipal information (Aranjuez local government, [2013]). Maes et al. ([2011]) |
Supporting | Ecological | UFI (urban fragmentation index) | Dispersion of urbanization (gradient) | Romano ([2002]) |
 | Connectivity | Continuity of open spaces | Density of open spaces referred to 1 km radius (gradient) | Angel et al. ([2011]) |