Influence of land use/land cover on the water chemistry of Wular Lake in Kashmir Himalaya (India)

Ecological Processes

Table 5 Pearson correlation between various limnological parameters and land use/land cover parameters

Parameters	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20
1	1
2	0.00	1
3	−0.63**	0.33	1
4	0.15	−0.02	0.07	1
5	−0.45*	−0.65**	−0.08	−0.16	1
6	−0.86**	0.19	0.72**	0.01	0.28	1
7	0.11	−0.31	0.05	0.60**	0.11	−0.03	1
8	0.59**	−0.17	−0.28	0.64**	−0.17	−0.38	0.64**	1
9	−0.51*	−0.19	0.52**	0.48*	0.25	0.46*	0.68**	0.19	1
10	0.67	−0.88*	−0.00	0.66**	0.51*	0.46	0.88**	0.93**	0.97**	1
11	−0.12	0.41	0.68*	−0.13	0.77**	0.50**	0.58	0.46*	0.18	0.15	1
12	0.86*	−0.58*	0.22	−0.36	−0.21	0.42	0.67**	0.51*	0.35	0.52**	−0.01	1
13	0.044	0.44**	−0.31	−0.69**	0.67**	0.50*	0.64	0.54**	0.58*	0.28	0.96**	0.21	1
14	0.89*	0.09	0.20	−0.44	−0.32	0.60**	0.26	0.32	0.29	0.47*	−0.19	0.97**	0.01	1
15	−0.45	0.61*	−0.87**	0.78**	0.77**	0.26	0.39	−0.67**	0.65*	−0.04	0.92**	−0.38	0.82*	−0.54	1
16	−0.26	0.38	0.55**	−0.01	0.77	0.39	0.51**	0.79**	0.14	0.68**	0.98**	−0.65**	0.93**	−0.73**	0.97**	1
17	0.55	0.57**	0.06	−0.51	−0.53**	0.62**	−0.28	−0.17	−0.79**	0.42	−0.73	0.38	−0.70	0.58	−0.86*	−0.82*	1
18	0.89*	0.04	0.18	0.58**	−0.37	0.37	0.79**	0.66**	0.84**	0.51**	−0.59*	0.93**	−0.69**	0.99**	−0.63	−0.43	0.68**	1
19	0.43	0.59*	0.42*	0.02	0.20	0.32	0.60**	0.55	0.42	0.64*	0.55	0.70**	0.75**	0.52	0.28	0.48	−0.39	0.60**	1
20	−0.21	0.55**	−0.653**	−0.221	0.81*	0.53	0.49	0.58**	0.59*	−0.54**	0.96**	−0.18	0.87*	−0.52*	0.94**	0.96**	−0.66**	−0.79**	0.63**	1
21	−0.54	0.54**	−0.548	0.064	0.76	0.22	0.49*	0.17	−0.03	0.58**	0.85*	−0.53	0.70	−0.67	0.98**	0.91*	−0.81	−0.73	0.09	.91*

Parameters: 1 = water temperature; 2 = pH; 3 = dissolved oxygen; 4 = chloride; 5 = free carbon dioxide; 6 = total alkalinity; 7 = ammoniacal nitrogen; 8 = nitrate nitrogen; 9 = orthophosphate; 10 = total phosphate; 11 = agricultural land; 12 = alpine grassland; 13 = built up; 14 = dense forest; 15 = forest plantation; 16 = horticultural land; 17 = snow-covered/glacial area; 18 = sparse forest; 19 = wasteland; 20 = water bodies and 21 = wetland. **Correlation at 0.01 (two-tailed). *Correlation at 0.05 (two-tailed).