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Fig. 10 | Ecological Processes

Fig. 10

From: Variable retention harvesting in Great Lakes mixed-pine forests: emulating a natural model in managed ecosystems

Fig. 10

Conceptual representation of alternation of pine dominance when shoot blight disease of red pine is a concern. In the figures, red pine are colored red, eastern white pine are colored white, and jack pine are colored green. Dominant composition of retention trees shifts between red pine (top) and eastern white pine (bottom) with regeneration focused on the opposite species and any additional native species. This alternation breaks up the spatial association of overstory red pine with resident shoot blight with highly susceptible red pine regeneration

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