Evidence that cultural food practices of Adi women in Arunachal Pradesh, India, improve social-ecological resilience: insights for Sustainable Development Goals

Ecological Processes

Table 1 Major local plants species used in foods

Local name	Botanical name	Parts used^a	Habitats^b	Use %^c
Local name	Botanical name	Parts used^a	Habitats^b	Rural	Transitioned village
Lai saag	Brassica sp. L.	Leaf	JL and HG	65.9	50.5
Dilap	Alleum hookeri L.	Whole plant	JL and HG	50.4	25.0
Epuk-tangum	Bidens pilosa L.	Leaf	JL and HG	87.5	40.5
Onger	Zanthoxylum rhetsa (Roxb.) DC.	Leaf	JL, HG, and MCF	97.7	55.8
Ongin	Clerodendrumcole brookianum Walp.	Leaf	JL, HG, and MCF	93.9	65.0
Marshang	Spilanthes acmella L.	Leaf	JL, HG, and MCF	94.6	58.0
Kopi	Solanum khasianum C.B. Clarke	Fruits	JL and HG	80.5	47.0
Koppir	Solanum spirale Roxb.	Fruits	JL and HG	60.3	41.4
Paput	Gnaphalium affine D. Don	Leaf	JL and HG	59.1	20.2
Mamang	Physalis minima L.	Leaf	JL and HG	58.4	15.0
Fayong	Polygonum chinensis Meissn.	Leaf	JL and HG	68.9	10.5
Nayang	Erigeron Canadensis L.	Leaf	JL, HG, and MCF	91.2	35.7
Tangum	Bidens pilosa L.	Leaf	JL and HG	68.6	19.0
Gende	Gynura crepidioides Benth	Leaf	JL and HG	86.8	38.4
Statistics			t value = 5.36, p < 0.000

JL Jhum-land, HG home gardens, MCF Morang community forest
^aPlant parts data: 11 species as leaves (78.57%), 2 species each as fruit (14.28%), 1 species as whole plant (7.14%)
^bSpecies data: JL and HG = 10 species (71.42%); JL, HG, and MCF 4 species (28.57%)
^cMultiple percentages