Fig. 2

Effects of S addition on soil pH (a), ratios of DOC:TDN (b), MBC:MBN (c), and their stoichiometric imbalance (d). Bar indicates the mean value (± 1 standard error) for each treatment. Different lowercase letters above bars indicate significant differences among different S addition rates at the level of P < 0.05. The scatter subplot in each panel demonstrates the relationship between soil pH and the corresponding variables, the linear regression is fitted when P < 0.05 (with R2 and P shown). The gray area represents 95% confidence interval