Table 7 A summary of the effects of urbanization on the downstream riverine and estuarine water properties. When most minerals (e.g., Na+, Mg2+, Cl−, K+, Ca2+) increased, they were collectively described as EC increased. The arrows before the water properties indicate that the subsequent water properties increased (↑), decreased (↓), or did not change (→). See the list of abbreviations for the water properties
Study sites | Effects on downstream water properties | Sources |
|---|---|---|
Malacca river, Malacca, Malaysia | ↑: EC, pH, SS, turbidity, BOD, COD ↓: DO | Hua (2017) |
Penchala River, Selangor, Malaysia | ↑: EC, NH4+, BOD, COD →: pH ↓: DO | Mahazar et al. (2013) |
Kuantan, Belat and Galing River, Malaysia | ↑: EC, pH, DIN, NH4+, TP, COD ↓: DO, NO3− | Kozaki et al. (2016) |
Day River, Red River Delta, Vietnam | ↑: TN, NH4+, TP, PO43−, Chl a ↓: TN:TP, DO | Hoang et al. (2018) |
Day River, Red River Delta, Vietnam | ↑: DOC, NH4+, PO43−, pCO2, Chl a | Duc et al. (2009) |
Saigon-Dongnai Rivers, Vietnam | ↑: POC, TN, NH4+, TP, PO43−, Chl a | Nguyen et al. (2019b) |
Can Gio estuary, Vietnam | ↑: pCO2 ↓: DO | David et al. (2018) |
Can Tho, Mekong Delta, Vietnam | ↑: Turbidity, TN, NH4+, PO43−, COD →: NO3−, NO2− ↓: DO | Wilbers et al. (2014) |
Brantas River Basin, Java, Indonesia | ↑: DON, NO3−, PO43− | Jennerjahn et al. (2004) |
Ciliwung watershed, Jakarta, Indonesia | ↑: TP, BOD, COD ↓: DO | Permatasari et al. (2017) |
Kholpetua-Arpangashia rivers, Sundarbans, Bangladesh | ↑: NH4+, PO43− →: NO3− ↓: DO | Rahaman et al. (2013) |
Manimala River, Kerala, India | ↑: EC, NO3−, NO2−, TP, PO43− ↓: DO | Padmalal et al. (2012) |
Piracicaba River, São Paulo, Brazil | ↑: NH4+, pCO2 →: SS, NO3− ↓: DO | Ballester et al. (1999) Martinelli et al. (1999) |
Streams, São Paulo, Brazil | ↑: PO43− ↓: DO, NO3− | Silva et al. (2012) |
Streams, São Paulo, Brazil | ↑: TN, NH4+, TP, BOD | Cunha et al. (2011) |
Monjolinho basin, São Carlos, Brazil | ↑: EC, turbidity, TN, NO3−, TP, PO43−, BOD ↓: DO | Bere and Tundisi (2011) |
Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | ↑: DO, NH4+, PO43−, Chl a ↓: pCO2 | Cotovicz Jr et al. (2015) |
Streams, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | ↑: TN, NH4+, TP ↓: TN:TP | Tromboni and Dodds (2017) |
Una River, São José da Vitória, Brazil | ↑: EC, SS, turbidity, PON, DON, NO2−, NH4+, PP, DOP, PO43− →: pH ↓: DO | Santos and De Paula (2019) |
Urban streams, Federal District, Brazil | ↑: Turbidity, DOC, NO3−, NO2−, NH4+ ↓: DO | Silva et al. (2011) |
Cachoeira River estuary, Bahia, Brazil | ↑: NH4+, PO43−, Chl a ↓: DO, DIN:DIP | Silva et al. (2013) |
Madeira River, Rondônia, Brazil | ↑: TDN, TDP | Biggs et al. (2004) |
Streams, Puerto Rico | ↑: Turbidity, TN, TP ↓: DO | Uriarte et al. (2011) |
Streams, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico | ↑: EC ↓: DO | Wengrove and Ballestero (2012) |
Río Pedras Watershed, Puerto Rico | ↑: EC, DOC, DON, NH4+, PO43− ↓: DO, NO3− | De Jesús-Crespo and Ramírez (2011), Potter et al. (2013), Ramírez et al. (2014) |