Table 1 The main properties of forest and paddy soils in the Huitong National Research Station of Forest Ecosystem in Hunan Province, subtropical China

pH

3.43 ± 0.04a

4.09 ± 0.01b

SOC (mg g⁻¹)

30.29 ± 1.20a

24.12 ± 1.11b

TN (mg g⁻¹)

2.15 ± 0.13a

1.82 ± 0.21b

C/N

14.10 ± 0.92a

13.39 ± 1.99a

NH₄⁺-N (mg kg⁻¹)

24.09 ± 1.11a

8.85 ± 0.40b

NO₃-N (mg kg⁻¹)

2.24 ± 0.17a

12.06 ± 0.56b

DOC (mg kg⁻¹)

39.09 ± 5.06a

87.83 ± 1.99b

TP (mg g⁻¹)

0.45 ± 0.06a

1.09 ± 0.07b

N/P

4.84 ± 0.66a

1.68 ± 0.27b

TK (mg g⁻¹)

40.80 ± 5.53a

41.32 ± 5.46a

MBC (mg kg⁻¹)

259.9 ± 102.9a

1666.8 ± 53.9b

MBN (mg kg⁻¹)

63.06 ± 12.94a

115.27 ± 7.98b

MBC/MBN

4.02 ± 0.74a

14.49 ± 0.78b

Soil texture (%, clay/silt/sand)

45/49/6

33/57/10