Fig. 4

Effect of the biogeographical region (A) and community type (B) on the richness and abundance of species. The circles represent the abundance of species, and the triangles the richness. The length of the lines represents the 95% confidence intervals. The numbers above dots represent the numbers of studies, and within parenthesis, the number of study pseudo-replicas pooled to estimate the effect sizes. AFR Afrotropical, AUS Australian, IND Indomalaya, NEA Nearctic, NEO Neotropical, PAL Palearctic, SUB Subantarctic