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Ecological Processes
Fig. 3 | Ecological Processes

Fig. 3

From: An approach for finding causal relations in environmental systems: with an application to understand drivers of a toxic algal bloom

Fig. 3

Hourly time series for Frankfurt used to apply the proposed approach to find causal relationships. ‘River flow’ was calculated based on water levels measured at Frankfurt and river flows observed in Eisenhüttenstadt (see Additional files for details). ‘Chlorophyll-a’ are concentrations attributed to diatoms from a spectral fluorometer with an integrated differentiation of algae classes

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